When we say that the Scriptures are the judge of controversies, we mean it in no other sense than that they are the source of divine right, and the most absolute rule of faith by which all controversies of faith can and should be certainly and perspicuously settled even as in a republic, the foundations of decisions and of judgments are drawn from the law. So a judge may be taken widely and by metonymy of the adjunct for a normal and not a personal judge. Hence he must not be confounded with the subordinate judge who decides controversies according to the rule of the law and applies the authority of the law to things taken singly. This accords with the Philosopher's rule, "The law must govern all, but the magistrates and the state must decide as to individuals" (Aristotle, Politics 4.4.33–34).
Francis Turretin — Institutes of Elenctic Theology
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